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Significance of somatic mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Tauchmanová, Petra ; Savvulidi Vargová, Karina (advisor) ; Javorková, Eliška (referee)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the most prevalent leukemia in Europe and USA. CLL affects predominatly elderly people (median age, 70y). This lymphoproliferative disorder is characterised by an accumulation of mature B-cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. The lifespan of CLL cells is longer than normal healthy B-cells due to impaired cell cycle and apoptosis. CLL cells dysplay several chromosomal aberations and genetic abnormalities. The next generation sequencing revealed many somatic mutations in CLL cells. Analysis of these somatic mutations in CLL facilitates detail understanding at the disease molecular basis and opens new possibilities to the personalised therapy. The main aim of this thesis is brief description of CLL as disease and to summarise the recent knowledge in the field of next generation sequencing with attention to CLL.
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Significance of somatic mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Tauchmanová, Petra ; Savvulidi Vargová, Karina (advisor) ; Javorková, Eliška (referee)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the most prevalent leukemia in Europe and USA. CLL affects predominatly elderly people (median age, 70y). This lymphoproliferative disorder is characterised by an accumulation of mature B-cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. The lifespan of CLL cells is longer than normal healthy B-cells due to impaired cell cycle and apoptosis. CLL cells dysplay several chromosomal aberations and genetic abnormalities. The next generation sequencing revealed many somatic mutations in CLL cells. Analysis of these somatic mutations in CLL facilitates detail understanding at the disease molecular basis and opens new possibilities to the personalised therapy. The main aim of this thesis is brief description of CLL as disease and to summarise the recent knowledge in the field of next generation sequencing with attention to CLL.
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Chimeric antigen receptors in the treatment of hematological malignacies
Fellnerová, Adéla ; Filipp, Dominik (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are artificial molecules composed of an antibody derived antigen recognition domain which is fused with the signal transduction domain derived from the physiological TCR. CAR technology used to transduce patients T-cells and endow them with the specificity to a certain surface antigen, has been a major breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy in the last decade. This strategy has been most successful for treating hematologic malignancies. Various CAR approaches and applications are currently tested mainly in the United States where many clinical trials have been launched. In contrast, in the Czech Republic, there are only a few teams focused on this topic with no clinical trials going on. During my work on this diploma thesis and in close collaboration with MUDr. Pavel Otáhal, PhD., who is working on implementation of CAR technology into the Czech clinics for the treatment of B-cell malignancies, individual functional CARs were prepared and tested. CAR expressing Jurkat T-cell lines were generated using a lentiviral vector transduction system. CAR functionality was determined by two different assays. We have shown that individual CARs are able to recognize the B-cell lineage specific antigens CD19 and CD20 and significantly up-regulate the activation molecule CD69 upon...
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